飞机起落架购买交易常识|飞机起落架功能及种类Aircraft landing gear functions and types

飞机起落架，是飞机的一大核心零部件。关于飞机航材采购系列知识，飞机起落架是越来越获得二手航材采购公司的重视。

1. 承受飞机在地面停放、滑行、起飞（着陆）滑跑时的重力。

2. 消耗和吸收飞机在着陆时的撞击能量。

3. 滑跑与滑行时的制动（刹车）

4. 滑跑与滑行时操作飞机（转弯）

典型的起落架组成起落架的布置形式

后三点式

飞机重心在两个主轮之后

后三点式优点

1. 构造简单，重量轻。

2. 易于在螺旋桨飞机上布置。

3. 飞机停机角与最佳起飞迎角接近，易于起飞。

4. 便于利用气动阻力使飞机减速。

后三点式缺点

1. 方向稳定性差，飞机容易发生旋转。

2. 着陆必须三点接地，操纵较困难，若两点接地时可导致飞机跳跃。

3. 飞机在告诉滑行过程中采用刹车时，容易发生倒立、翻筋斗现象。

前三点式

飞机重心在两个主轮之前。

前三点式优点

滑行时方向稳定性好。

着陆时两主轮接地，容易操作。

可以大力使用刹车，缩短着陆滑跑距离。

驾驶员视野良好。

前三点式缺点

起落架所受载荷较大，前轮在滑跑时容易摆振。

自行车式

飞机的两组主轮分别安放在机身下，另外有两个辅助护翼轮。

自行车式缺点

1. 承受载荷较大，使尺寸、质量增大。

2. 起飞时抬头困难，使飞机滑跑距离增大。

目前仅有少数飞机采用这种起落架。

前三点式与后三点式起落架性能比较

1. 前三点可强力制动而无“倒立”危险。

2. 前三点式具有滑跑稳定性。

3. 前三点式机身轴线基本水平，驾驶员视野好，可安装喷气发动机。

4. 前三点承载大，结构复杂，重，前轮摆振。

1. Withstand the gravity of the aircraft when it is parked on the ground, taxied, and took off (landing).

2. Consume and absorb the impact energy of the aircraft during landing.

3. Braking when running and coasting (braking)

4. Operating the aircraft while running and taxiing (turning)

A typical landing gear consists of an arrangement of landing gear

The last three points

The center of gravity is behind the two main wheels

The advantages of the latter three points

1. Simple structure, light weight.

2. Easy to arrange on propeller aircraft.

3. The stopping Angle of the aircraft is close to the optimal takeoff Angle of attack, which is easy to take off.

4. Easy to use aerodynamic resistance to slow down the aircraft.

Disadvantages of the latter three points

1. The direction stability is poor, and the aircraft is prone to rotation.

2. The landing must be grounded at three points, and the control is more difficult, if the two points are grounded, the plane can jump.

3. When the aircraft uses the brake during the taxi process, it is prone to handstand and somersault.

The first three points

The center of gravity is in front of the two main wheels.

The first three advantages

Good directional stability when sliding.

When landing, the two main wheels are grounded, easy to operate.

The brakes can be used vigorously to shorten the landing distance.

The driver has a good view.

The first three disadvantages

The load on the landing gear is large, and the front wheel is easy to swing when sliding.

Bicycle type

The two main wheels of the aircraft are placed under the fuselage, and two auxiliary wings are installed.

Bicycle defect

1. Bear large load, so that the size and quality increase.

2. It is difficult to raise the head when taking off, which increases the distance of the plane.

Only a few aircraft currently use such landing gear.

Performance comparison between front and rear three-point landing gear

1. The first three points can be forcefully braking without "upside down" danger.

2. The first three point type has running stability.

3. The front three-point fuselage axis is basically level, the driver has a good vision, and the jet engine can be installed.

4. The first three points carry large load, complex structure, heavy, front wheel pendulum vibration.